HOUSE WIRING

WORK EDUCATION

There are various system of house wiring

1.CLEAT WIRING

2.C.T.S (T.R.S WIRING) OR P.V.C WIRING

3.WOODEN CASING AND CAPPING WIRING

4.LEAD-SHEATHED WIRING

5.CONDUIT WIRING

Cleat wiring- Material required for wiring –wooden round block, wood screw, wire ,Wooden Boards switches-single way and two way; batten holders and pendant holder : Ceiling Roses; D.P. main switch; fuse carrier; neutral link etc.

Uses. This method of wiring is well adopted to temporary work and has been used in huts built for military and naval purposes. Faults are easily located in this method of wiring.

P V C Wiring - - Material required for wiring- Wooden pegs, Wooden round blocks, Wooden board, Tin clips, Screws, Nails, Wire C.T.S. or T.R.S. or P.V.C . (Single core or two core). Copper wire for earthing-16 S.W.G. Switches-single way, two way: D.P. main switch-iron clad or bakelite according to the requirement ; fuse carrier ; neutral link ; batten holders-brass or bakelite ; ceiling roses; pendant holders-brass or bakelite etc.

Uses. This type of wiring is suitable for every place as it is water proof, steam proof within limits and appearance is good one. An advantage of this type of wiring is that it can be erected very easily and quickly and the saving in labour for ordinary house and workshop wiring. Faults can be easily located. Wiring can easily be replaced.

Casing-Caping Wiring-- Material required for wiring- Wooden pegs ; round porcelain cleats; casing-capping. Wooden Boards, Round blocks. Copper wire for earthing-16 S.W.G. or 14 S.W.G. Wooden screws, Wire V.I.R. Switches—Single way and two way; D.P. main switch-iron clad or bakelite ; fuse carrier and neutral link ; ceiling roses ; batten holders-brass or bakelite ; pendant holders-brass or bakelite:

.Uses. The appearance is good one. This type of wiring generally seen in buildings and houses etc.

Conduit and Concealed Wiring- - Material required for wiring-- Flat and round wooden pegs, saddles ; hooks or crampet, beavy or light gauge conduit, le 16 or 14 gauge metal- Wooden board or iron boards, Wooden Screws , Ebonite sheet: bends, elbows ,t tee , Junction boxes-one way,

Two wayThree way , socket ; porcelain connector-one way, two way o three way; earthing clamp ; copper wire for earthing-14 or 16 S.W.G bushes ; porcelain tubes switches-single w and two way; D.P. main switch-iron clad or bakelite ; neutral link : ceiling rose ; batten holder ; pendant holder; water tides : brackets etc.

Uses. 1. Efficient mechanical protection, 2. Ready inspection for alterations and repairs. 3. Can be made mechanically and electrically perfect. 4. Absolute freedom from fire,

Lead Covered Wiring

All materials which are required for CTS. wiring except C.T.S. wire and batten etc. are used with this type of wiring,

Uses. Appearance is good and maintenance is easy. This type of wiring is generally used in high buildings or for consumers mains by supply undertakings.

General Specifications of House Wiring -Following are the general specifications of wiring

1. Power wiring should be carried out separately from the lighting wiring

2. Copper conductor should be used.

3. Wooden pegs used in walls or ceiling should be of hard seasoned wood.

4. The main board should be at a height of 150 cm. from the level of the ground

5. The iron clad main switch, conduit fittings and 3-pin wall sockets should be earthed.

6. The switch board of the room should be fixed on the left side of the door and at a height of 150 cm.

7. The fan should be controlled both with the switch and regulator.

8. In kitchen, the wiring should be in conduit system to protect the wires from smoke.

Common Faults found in the Domestic Installation

1.Accidental damage caused by other workman who fails to understand the system of wiring.

2. Cases of leakage and accidents due to lower quality accessories.

3. Short circuit occurs when rats cut the insulation or wires in the P.v.c. wiring

4.Earth fault due to touching of live wires to the metal parts